Childhood Asthma
and Constitutional Weakness

Asthma affects millions of children worldwide, and in many cases, it begins early in life. While Western medicine sees asthma largely as an inflammatory airway disease often linked to allergies, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) considers childhood asthma a reflection of deeper constitutional patterns. These patterns are shaped by inherited tendencies, organ development, and lifestyle—all of which contribute to a child’s resilience or vulnerability.

In TCM theory, childhood is a time of growth and transformation, but also of relative weakness. The Lung (Fèi 肺) and Spleen (Pí 脾) are considered delicate in children, and the Kidneys (Shèn 肾)—which store jing (精), or essence—may be underdeveloped or constitutionally deficient. When these organ systems are not strong, the body may fail to regulate fluids properly or defend against external invasions, such as wind or phlegm. The result can be wheezing, coughing, and breathlessness—especially after activity, emotional stress, or seasonal changes.

One of the most common underlying diagnoses in pediatric asthma is Lung and Spleen Qi deficiency. These children may catch colds easily, have weak digestion, and frequently produce phlegm. They often appear pale and thin, with low energy and a soft voice. Over time, repeated respiratory infections may further weaken the Lungs, setting up a cycle of flare-ups and recovery.

Some children also exhibit Kidney deficiency, especially when asthma runs in the family. The Kidneys are said to “grasp the Qi” and anchor the breath. When this function is weak, children may gasp or struggle to exhale fully. They may also experience night sweats, delayed development, or a history of frequent illness in infancy.

TCM aims to support these children not only during acute attacks but also in building a stronger constitution over time. Herbal formulas like Bu Fei Tang (补肺汤, Tonify the Lungs Decoction) or Sheng Mai San (生脉散, Generate the Pulse Powder) may be used to nourish Lung Qi and restore strength. Acupuncture is gentle and often well-tolerated by children when performed with minimal stimulation. Moxibustion on points such as (ST36 足三里 Zúsānlǐ) and (BL13 肺俞 Fèishū) can warm and support the Lungs and digestion.

Dietary therapy also plays a major role. Cold and raw foods, dairy products, and excessive sugar can weaken the Spleen and increase phlegm. Warm, cooked foods with gentle tonics like rice porridge, carrots, or cooked pears can nourish without burdening the system.

Breathing exercises and light movement, such as Qigong for children, can help build body awareness and regulate the nervous system. These practices are especially valuable in asthma, where emotional tension often aggravates symptoms.

From a TCM perspective, treating childhood asthma is not just about controlling symptoms. It’s about helping a child grow stronger over time, supporting their unique constitution, and giving the body the tools it needs to thrive.

Vocabulary Guide

• Fèi (肺) – Lung; governs breathing and defense against external invasion
• Pí (脾) – Spleen; responsible for digestion and fluid metabolism
• Shèn (肾) – Kidney; stores essence and anchors the breath
• Qi (气) – Vital energy or life force
• Jing (精) – Essence; foundational vitality inherited at birth
• Bu Fei Tang (补肺汤) – “Tonify the Lungs Decoction,” used for Lung qi deficiency
• Sheng Mai San (生脉散) – “Generate the Pulse Powder,” often used for qi and yin deficiency
• Zúsānlǐ (足三里 ST36) – Acupoint for boosting digestion and overall qi
• Fèishū (肺俞 BL13) – Back-shu point of the Lungs, often used to treat respiratory disorders